The river Nile was the most important transport route in ancient Egypt. It would have been busy with boats, carrying officials up and down the country, food from estates to the granaries for storage, imports from other countries such as wood and perfume, and huge stone blocks from the quarries in the south.

Fishermen used nets to catch fish. Some were probably eaten fresh, but a lot of fish was salted to preserve it. Fish was important in the diet of the poor, but forbidden to the pharaoh and priests for religious reasons.